Current
submission about the ambient material World
We observer the physical World, which is ambiented us and we can mark out three basic kinds of a substance:
1) Substance (it consist of elementary particles:
electrons, protons, neutrons etc.)
2) Electromagnetic field
3) Gravitational field
4) Physical vacuum
Attempts of a quantum mechanics (QM) and general theory of relativity (GTR) to unit these demonstrations of substance do not have any results. Moreover, QM was transformed into a descriptive science, which is lagging behind of experiment (we shall recollect the discovery of a high-temperature superconductivity).
The modern has a crisis which becomes apparent, for example, when physics can not explain a nature of a spherical lightning, reproduction recorded in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the structural information about a structure of an organism or ignoring the persons extrasensory abilities and etc.
What is the reason of crisis?
Most likely the crisis is connected with such reason: the postulates (principles and axioms) of modern physics are only individual demonstration of the more general laws (exactly speaking - they all are a particular case). Further we shall try to make unsteady a basic postulate of QM - "an Uncertainty Principle" or "a Principle of a dualism", which gives possibility to describe a behavior of a substance through "a Wave of probability".
What is the mechanism of formation "Waves of probability"?
Unfortunately, the QM prefers it is not to discuss it (religious dogmas are not discussed, they are trusted), referring to that fact, that it is not a basic substance property.
But, nevertheless, we will try to investigate in this construction. Let's begin from a carrier of light and electromagnetic (quantum) radiation - Photon.
Photon or the quantum light was the course of rough debates in physicist community in due time. Two submissions about a photon became a stumbling block:
1.The photon is a particle (a corpuscle).
2.The photon is a wave.
Eventually it was accepted the Solomon's solution: a photon is a particle with waves properties.
Recently physics incline to the submission of a photon as a compact package (a team) of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). But the reasons of stable existence of an EMR package are not clear till this moment. It is not clear, if the photon has a wavelength (l=6*10-7 m - red light) in one thousand times exceeding the sizes of atom (d=5*10-11 m - hydrogen atom), how it manages to be radiated and to be absorbed by atoms as whole and indivisible.
However we will try to receive a stable EMR package. Let's assume that the following Maxwells set of equations for an electromagnetic field is rather correct.
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rot(E)=-d(m*H)/dt |
(1.2.1) |
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rot(H)= d(e*E)/dt |
(1.2.2) |
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Where |
E - electric field strength, |
If charges are deficiency
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div(m*H)=0 |
(1.2.3) |
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div(e*E)=0 |
(1.2.4) |
We can see from equations (1.2.3), (1.2.4) follows, that the nondeliquescent EMR package cannot be received, but, assuming, that, for example, dielectric permeability of vacuum e is not the constant, and it is not a function from an electric field strength E, then the situation already exchange.
If e is nonlinear, that what values of E can we this nonlinearly detect? For this purpose we shall define, what a photon strength EMR with a wavelength l=6*10-7 m. A photon energy is equal:
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W=h*c/l |
(1.2.5) |
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Where |
h is a Planck's constant, |
Assume, that a photon basic energy is concentrated in cube l*l*l, then from equation:
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l2*(e*E2+m*H2)/2 =h*c/l, |
(1.2.6) |
assuming, that
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e*E2=m*H2, |
(1.2.7) |
We will receive
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E =400000 v/m |
(1.2.8) |
Such strengths of electric field are already used for a long time and it was not revealed any changes e. So the submission:
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e = e0+A1*E2+A2*E4+A3*E6+ |
(1.2.9) |
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Where |
e0 - dielectric permeability of vacuum by a deficiency of fields. |
will not lead to anything interesting, as then A1, A2, A3, should be very small sizes and furthermore with the help of one focusing lens it is impassible to made from a wide ray of light the narrow one.
But, if you would use a system of focusing and dispersing lenses for compression and stabilization of the sizes of a beam light, then this purpose will be accessible; i.e. we shall assume, that on the forward front of an electromagnetic wave, where:
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dE2/dt > 0 |
(1.2.10) |
will be
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e > e0, |
(1.2.11) |
on a back side of a front of wave, where:
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dE2/dt < 0 |
(1.2.12) |
will be
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0 < e < e0 |
(1.2.13) |
For a photon with l=6*10-7 m, taking into account (1.2.8), we can find:
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max|dE/dt|*E*c/l =2*1020 V/m*s |
(1.2.14) |
It is a sizeable size. If we want to reach such size of derivative with rather small frequency of oscillations of an electromagnetic field (EMF) in 2GHz it is necessary to create EMF with strength in 10+11 v/m.
But such EMF strengths with such frequencies are unattainable yet and to measure prospective non-linearity e point-blank it fails. But, nevertheless, suppose, that:
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e =F(dW/dt) |
(1.2.15) |
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Where |
F - while unknown for us function |
Or it is more concretely (but with the greater probability of an error in further constructions):
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e = e0/(1-a* dW/dt)2 |
(1.2.16) |
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There is can be an objection here: with such version e the electromagnetic wave will be not invariant concerning different frame of reference. But it is possible to answer it such a way: there is own e in each system, and it is more correct - e of the measuring instrument (material mass) in each system, i.e. measuring instruments are not invariant and their indications depend on those conditions, which they are in. For example, the clock goes slower on a surface of the Earth then clock which is on moon.
Now we shall try, based on the formula (1.2.16), to present a photon structure of (see Fig.1, where: 1 - direction of an electrical field, 2 - direction of energy extent of an electromagnetic field.). We have on the forward front electromagnetic (EM) photon wave
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dW/dt > 0 |
and
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e > e0 |
e is the more, than the speed of increase of energy concentration is more. Thus the speed of motion EM energy (V) less then speed of light (c) and it has some component toward the direction of center (the focussing is happening).
We have on the opposite side of EM waves front of a photon
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dW/dt < 0 |
and
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0 < e < e0 |
Let's look at Fig.1. It reminds the funnel or curved scissors. There is necessary to recollect a mental experiment concerning speed determination of a cross point of two edges of scissors (see Fig.2).
e is the less then there was a concentration of energy more. In this connection the speed of motion EM energy (V) is more then speed of light (c) and it has some component toward the direction to the center (the defocusing is happening).
Let's look at Fig. 1. It
reminds the funnel or curved scissors. There is necessary to recollect a mental
experiment concerning speed determination of a cross point of two edges of
scissors (see Fig. 2).
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This speed is equal
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U=V/Sin(a/2) |
(1.2.17) |
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Where |
U - speed of motion of an edges
cross point to the direction X (phase speed), |
||
It is visible from the
formula (1.2.17) that the speed U can be arbitrarily large. And it is
clear: the cross point of edges is not a material skew field. Similarly it is
possible to approach to our "funnel" (see Fig.2), i.e., we can,
selecting the various forms of submission of relation (1.2.15), to receive any
speeds of a photon motion as a indivisible one with minor speed deviation of
separate parts EM wave from established speed of light. But it is necessary for
stability of a photon in order to the speed of a photon, as a whole, was less
then a EM speed of energy on back front its EM wave.
From our
"funnel-shaped" model of a photon follows, that the front EM wave of
a photon on a rim considerably advances its central part, where the main share
of EM energy is concentrated. Such a way, area of main concentration of energy
and even all photon can receive the information about obstacles, which are
located far from it, and can change a direction of their motion pursuant to
character of interaction. And, the last one will be already exhibited in
interaction of a photon, as a whole, with an obstacle.
The interaction between
photons is possible due to e nonlinearity. For example, the ray of light from a far star consisting
of photons with an identical wavelength in an outcome of resonant interaction
will become coherent. The photons will align phases EM waves during traveling
from a star to the Earth (their motion will be possible to assimilate to motion
of coordinated ranks of the soldiers).
This photon
"funnel-shaped" model more approaches for two-dimensional case. In
our three-dimensional world the structure of a photon will be a little bit more
difficult. We can try to present how it will look like rolling up the Fig.1
into a tube lengthwise an axis X. At that case the ends of our
"funnel" will be crossed and we shall have one more
"funnel". If we prolonging the ends of new "funnel" we
shall receive new crossing and new "funnel" and so on. In the given
model we have not a "funnel" as such. There is a concentration of
energy along " bunches", curled (around a tube) in the right and the
left-hand spiral. EM energy of a wave goes along bunches, decelerating
sequentially its run and being concentrated in interception units (in this
moment the photon is similar to corpuscle). And then, departing along bunches,
accelerates its run (in this place the photon is similar to a wave), so that on
the average speed of motion remains constant.
We can make a conclusion
from the formula (1.2.17) that the more e is different from e0, the more is a photon energy (E
is more and its speed of change is more - frequency f), so the more
possible is interaction between photons.
At interaction of two gamma-quantums (photons with large energy), having EM frequency of oscillations
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f > m*c2/h =1.2*1020 Hz, |
(1.2.19) |
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Where |
m - weight of an electron, |
Wavelength
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l < c/f= 2.4*10-12 m |
(1.2.20) |
And strength of a field at the EM wave front
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E > ( h*c/(e* l3)0.5=2.5*1016 V/m, |
(1.2.21) |
As we know from practice, the pair of particles can be born: an electron and a positron.
Let's try to construct a model of an electron from EM waves.
